Skincare, fashion, and beauty videos on platforms like TikTok and Instagram are all over the place and constantly dominates the discussions of young girls. Just search the hashtag #
glowuproutine on TikTok and you’ll be flooded with videos touting various products and routines that are aimed specifically at the tween and teen girls.
A quick search for #
glowuproutine on TikTok will bringa video, which has a whopping 17K likes, and shows a girl putting together her back-to-school "glow-up" routine. First, she shops at Ulta and fills a basket with numerous "essential" products. Then, she begins her "routine": applying press-on nails, taking an "everything" shower, laminating her eye brows, doing her "holy grail" lymphatic drainage gua sha routine, treating her under eyes with two moon-shaped skincare patches, and whitening her teeth.
However, the most extensive part is her skin care routine, which she describes this way: "Literally, every product I could put on my face, I slathered on my face."
Videos like this are super popular, and many teens and tween girls take them seriously. They believe that these routines are "musts," that they have to stock up and use whatever products are being suggested, and that they'll fall behind other girls if they don't partake. Ultimately, many girls today buy into the idea that having a curated and expensive routine solely to improve their physical appearance is something to aspire to.
Teens and tween are easy targets for beauty enhancing content because they tend to feel insecure about their appearance and hyper-focus on comparing themselves to others, says Whitney Casares, MD, MPH, pediatrician and author of
My-One-of-a-Kind Body.
Back-to-school glow-up routines specifically prey on kids' fears around being attractive or popular enough, and do this by encouraging teens to spend exorbitant amounts of money on the products they say will offer a quick fix. "I absolutely notice this as a central focus among my patients in this age cohort," says Dr. Casares. "And it’s only getting worse as time goes on."
Grace Lautman, LMHC, CN, nutritionist and teen eating disorder therapist, says that these glow-up routines can also spotlight unrealistic bodies which can encourage unhealthy habits, and even eating disorders. "It's another area of the internet where perfectionist and unrealistic beauty standards are upheld," she says.
Glow-up is teen slang for a dramatic improvement in one's appearance. Kids typically use it to describe the process of becoming the best version of oneself (aesthetically). Think of the makeover scene from any '90's or early 2000's rom-com—that's a glow-up.
The risk is not about the fact that the videos take advantage of young girls’ self-image issues and encourage them to spend money they don’t have. The products recommended in the videos may not be healthy for young girls’ skin, and may even be dangerous in some cases, according to the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP).
Many of the products recommended by influencers in "glow-up" videos aren't regulated for safety and aren’t even made for kids, Dr. Casares points out. "Short-term reactions like rashes and irritation are common for my patients who use these 'glow up' routines, but I worry even more about the long-term effects of using advanced skin care products on young skin," she says.
For example, sun damage, skin thinning, and premature aging are all potential risks of using the products recommended in these videos, according to Dr. Casares. Moreover, "over-exposure to beauty content is also linked to body image struggles which are, in turn, related to other negative physical outcomes for people of all ages, including dieting and overexercising," she describes.
Lautman agrees, and sees the impact of these videos among the teens she works with. "In my work I'm mostly looking at the impacts in terms of increasing the desire to diet and control food and exercise," she says. "Any increase in attention and control to the body, skin or muscle, increases already existing experiences like body dysmorphia and distorted body image."
"Any increase in attention and control to the body, skin or muscle, increases already existing experiences like body dysmorphia and distorted body image."
An abundance of research points to the fact that tweens and teens who become immersed in videos that emphasize beauty and appearance are more likely to develop body image issues. "Specifically, they’re more likely to be dissatisfied with their bodies, to compare themselves to others, and to develop serious mental health issues, including anxiety, depression, and disordered eating," says Dr. Casares.